Question

Explain the role of pH in everyday products like shampoos and skin care products.

Answer 1

The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a substance, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline), with 7 being neutral. In everyday products:

Skin: Natural pH is around 4.5-5.5 (slightly acidic), creating an "acid mantle" that protects the skin. High pH (alkaline) products cause dryness and irritation. Exfoliants (AHA, BHA) have an acidic pH to work.

Hair: Natural pH is also around 4.5-5.5. High pH shampoos open the hair cuticle, causing dryness and frizz. Low pH conditioners close the cuticle, making hair smooth.

Answer 2

pH plays a crucial role in the effectiveness and safety of products like shampoos and skin care items. Shampoos are often formulated to be slightly acidic, around pH 4.5 to 5.5, which matches the natural pH of the scalp and hair. This helps maintain the hair’s natural oils and prevents dryness or irritation. If the pH is too high (alkaline), it can strip oils and cause damage; if it’s too low (acidic), it might not clean effectively. Similarly, skin care products are designed to match the skin's natural pH of around 4.5 to 5.5. Products with an inappropriate pH can disrupt the skin’s protective barrier, leading to dryness, irritation, or sensitivity. Therefore, pH-balanced products are essential for maintaining healthy hair and skin.