\(I=\int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{\cos ^{4} x+\sin ^{4} x}{2^{x} +1} dx\)
\(=\frac{3}{4} \int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{1}{2^{x} +1} dx+\frac{1}{4} \int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{\cos 4x}{2^{x} +1} dx. \)
Xét\( I_{2}^{} =\int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{\cos 4x}{2^{x} +1} dx.\)
\(Đặt t=-x\Rightarrow dx=-dt.\)
\(I_{1}^{} =\int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{0}\frac{\cos 4x}{2^{x} +1} dx+\int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{\cos 4x}{2^{x} +1} dx (*). \)
\(\Rightarrow I_{1a}^{} =\int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{0}\frac{\cos 2x}{3^{x} +1} dx=-\int _{\frac{\pi }{2} }^{0}\frac{\cos 4t}{2^{-t} +1} dt\)
\(=\int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{2^{t} .\cos 4t}{2^{t} +1} dt=\int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{2^{x} .\cos 4x}{2^{x} +1} dx. \)
Thay vào (*) ta được:
\(I_{1}^{} =\int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\cos 4x dx=\frac{1}{4} \sin 4x\left|\begin{array}{l} {\frac{\pi }{2} } \\ {0} \end{array}\right. =0.\)
Xét \(I_{2}^{} =\frac{3}{4} \int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{1}{2^{x} +1} dx\).
\(=\frac{3}{4} \int _{-\frac{\pi }{2} }^{0}\frac{1}{2^{x} +1} dx+\frac{3}{4} \int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{1}{2^{x} +1} dx. (2*)\)
Đặt \(t=-x\Rightarrow dx=-dt. \)
\(\Rightarrow I_{2a}^{} =-\frac{3}{4} \int _{\frac{\pi }{2} }^{0}\frac{1}{2^{-t} +1} dt=\frac{3}{4} \int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{2^{t} }{2^{t} +1} dt.\)
Thay vào (2*) ta được: \(I_{2}^{} =\frac{3}{4} \int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{2^{x} }{2^{x} +1} dx+\frac{3}{4} \int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }\frac{1}{2^{x} +1} dx\).
\(=\frac{3}{4} \int _{0}^{\frac{\pi }{2} }dx= \frac{3}{4} x\left|\begin{array}{l} {\frac{\pi }{2} } \\ {0} \end{array}\right. =\frac{3\pi }{8} \)
Vậy \(I=\frac{3\pi }{8} . \)