Question

Trình bày cách sử dụng các thì cơ bản trong tiếng Anh có ví dụ minh họa (ngắn gọn càng tốt).

Answer 1

SIMPLE TENSES

• PRESENT SIMPLE

1. Pernament situations

→ I work in the city, but I live in the countryside.

→ Rome is the capital of Italy.

2. Things which happen often or repeatedly.

→ People often send postcards from interesting places.

→ I visit my grandparents in Scotland every summer.

3. Facts of nature or science .

→ Travelling by plane uses a lot of energy.

→ Birds migrate in winter.

4. Timetables.

→ The train to London leaves every 30 minutes.

→ The bus departs at 9:10 a.m.

• PRESENT CONTINUOUS

1. Something that is happening/in progress now.

→ Some people are sitting on the grass and having a picnic.

2. Changes and developments.

→ The number of Web users who shop online is increasing.

3. Temporary situations.

→ My friend is staying in a holiday camp.

4. Definite arrangements in the future (with active verbs).

→ I am meeting John later this afternoon.

→ I am playing a computer game with him later.

• PRESENT PERFECT

1. Actions which started in the past and continue now.

→ He has lived in Germany since 2002.

→ I have worked abroad for ten years.

2. Actions in the past when the time is not finished.

→ He has lived in a lot of different places in his life. (His life is not finished)

→ I have visited many art galleries this year. (This year is not finished)

3. Recent events which are related to the present.

→ Where is my camera? Oh no, someone has stolen it.

→ Is Sarah having dinner with us? No, she has gone back to the campsite to rest.

• PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

1. Actions that started in the past and are continuing now.

→ My best friend has been learning French since January.

2. The results of a recent activity.

→ I am so tired. I have been waiting for the train for hours.

3. Repeated actions or situations in a period up to the present.

→ They have been thinking about where to go this weekend.

• PAST SIMPLE

1. Completed actions or events in the past.

→ I visited the museums in New York.

→ I saw some monuments on holiday.

2. Actions or events that happened at a specific time in the past.

→ Last month, I went on holiday for 2 weeks.

→ I travelled to Tokyo last year.

3. Things which happened often or regularly in the past.

→ We always went on holiday to France when I was a child.

→ Every summer, I spent the school holidays with my cousins.

• PAST CONTINUOUS

1. Continuing past actions happening at the same time as another short action.

→ I was swimming in the sea when the rain started.

2. Descriptions of a background scence in the past.

→ Some people were relaxing by the pool and others were playing tennis.

3. Temporary situations in the past.

→ For the first two days of my holiday I was staying with friends.

• PAST PERFECT

One completed action that happened before another action or a certain time in the past. The past perfect is used for the first action.

→ Before he became the 2010 world swimming champion, nobody had heard of James Collins.

→ Every newspaper and TV channel in the USA wanted to interview Neil Armstrong after he had landed on the moon.

• PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Something that started in the past and continued up to a certain point in the past.

→ The journalists had ben waiting for over an hour by the time the President arrived at the palace.

→ The Beatles had been playing together for years before they became famous.

• NEAR FUTURE

1. A decided plan or intention.

→ I am going to ask you some questions.

→ The headmaster is going to retire at the end of term.

2. A prediction based on evidence.

→ The shortage of maths teachers is going to get worse.

→ My grades have gone down this year, I think I am going to fail.

• FUTURE SIMPLE

1. Facts about the future.

→ We will cover this topic in more detail later in the book.

→ The university will admit five hundred more students next year.

2. Decisions about the future that we make at the moment of speaking.

→ I will try my best to answer all the questions.

→ “I need to go to the library later” – “Good idea. I will come with you”.

3. Predictions that are indefinite.

→ Online learning will become more popular in the future.

→ All large libraries will want a copy of this book.

4. Promises and offers.

→ I will deal with your question in just a moment.

NOTE: “Shall” is usually used in place of “will” in the question form if the subject is “I” or “we”.

→ Shall we start again from the beginning?

WON’T: the negative of “will” and it is used to talked about refusal.

→ The teachers say thay won’t attend meetings out of school hours.

• FUTURE CONTINUOUS

A situation that will be happening at a particular point of time in the future.

→ This time next year, most people will be using the Internet every day.

→ Tomorrow afternoon, I will be building my new website.

• FUTURE PERFECT

Something that happens before a certain point of time in the future.

→ Everyone will have learnt how to use the Internet in 50 years’ time.

→ I will have spent over $200 on online shopping by the end of the week!

• FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Something that continues until a certain point of time in the future.

→ Next month, I will have been working at this Internet design company for ten years.

→ Come on, it is my turn! Soon you will have been surfing the Net for over two hours.

NOTE: The future continuous, future perfect and future perfect continuous usually include a time reference, for example, by 2020, by the time next year, next week…